These are stories and authors who popped up after I began the first post on works I regularly reread. And, as I think about what I'm going to write about them, the urge to jump up, hustle over to the bookcase, and dust them off for another reread is ever present. Oh well, it's that old "too few hours or years and too many books" problem as usual.
Herman Melville
Mardi
I have a theory that every writer has a wild book tucked down deep inside somewhere. Some manage to get it out, while others either repress it or aren't aware of it. If it does get out, then readers and critics are confused and generally don't like it, for it's not what they want or expect from the writer. I think Melville's wild book is
Mardi. And, in my usual contrary way, I consider it a favorite.
Mardi is satire, rather like
Gulliver's Travels which was published in 1726 and revised in 1735, whereas Melville's work was published in 1849
. Melville may have been influenced by Jonathan Swift, but I haven't read any scholarly commentary that suggests that.
In
Mardi, Taji, the narrator, is in pursuit of his lost love, Yillah, a Polynesian woman whom he had rescued from native priests who were going to sacrifice her to their gods. She was once again kidnapped, and Taji, in a small boat, went off in search of her once again. He is accompanied on his mission byKing Media, who was bored with his duties and looked for adventure; Babbalanja, a philosopher; Mohi, an historian; and Yoomy, a poet
. As you can imagine, with such a crew representing the political, the philosophical, the historical, and the poetic viewpoints, there are long and sometimes confusing discussions about the universe and everything else as they traverse the South Seas in search of Yillah. During their journey they visit various islands, each of which exhibits some facet of human cruelty or weakness or folly. One of the islands is obviously Europe and another is the US in the late 1840s.
Some contemporary critics have called it an allegory and others "a mess." Some have called it both an allegory and a mess. It's one of those books that the reader has to go along with Melville (or Taji) and enjoy the ride and not insist on a tightly woven consistent narrative with no loose ends at the end.
Read it for fun, and whatever else you can get out of it.
Herman Melville
The Confidence Man: This is a short allegorical novel set on a Mississippi riverboat, the
Fidele, Fidelity or Faith in English, if I'm not mistaken. It consists of a series of encounters that passengers have with various confidence men (or perhaps really only one in disguise), all "representing" various charitable organizations. Perhaps what fascinates me the most is that I'm never quite sure what underlies the various encounters.
Herman Melville
Moby Dick is probably considered his greatest work, if not one of the greatest novels written in the US during the nineteenth century, if not also the twentieth century. It's too early to say anything definite about the twenty-first century, but so far I haven't seen anything to compare to it. It's a comedy, a tragedy, a revenge play, a travelogue, a history of whaling, and a scientific treatise on cetology. Enough said.
Greg Benford:
The Galactic Center Series
Six novels. The first is
In the Ocean of Night which was published in 1977. It is set in the late 1990s on Earth and near-Earth space and features the adventures of Nigel Walmsley, a Brit who somehow got himself a position as an astronaut in the NASA Space Program. He wanted to go into space and England didn't have a space program. The sixth novel is
Sailing Bright Eternity, published in 1996 and is set some 30,000+ years in the future in the vicinity of the black hole at the center of our galaxy.
In between are some of the most spectacular science fiction adventures I've ever read and that covers 60+ years of reading SF. In volume three,
Great Sky River, published in 1987, we jump ahead some 30,000 years and meet Kileen Bishop and his group of friends and relatives on the run from the mech civilization, AIs and robots who are determined to wipe out all organic life. Bishop and the other humans are closer to being cybernetic hybrids than 100% human with their metal and plastic reinforced exoskeletons and electronically enhanced senses. Volumes Four, Five, and Six are mostly concerned with the activities of the Bishop clan and their struggle to avoid destruction by the mechs. However, there a few surprises in store for the reader.
Dashiell Hammett
The Maltese Falcon
It's one of the great mystery novels, at least to my way of thinking. Part of its attraction may be that when I read the novel, I always see the actors from the film playing their respective roles. I must also admit that I've seen the film more often than I've read the novel. Actually I saw the film first, actually long before I read the novel. It features a tough, cynical detective, a femme fatale, sleezy villains, and, of course, the Falcon! Great stuff.
Nikos Kazantzakis
Zorba the Greek
This is another example of having seen the film first and then reading the novel, primarily because of the film
. A young bookish intellectual attempts to escape his cloistered life by reopening a lignite mine on Crete which he has inherited. He is aided and abetted and confused by Zorba, an adventurer, miner, soldier, and survivor. Zorba is the exact opposite of the intellectual--earthy, practical, exuberant, almost a life force in himself. The book is ironic in that it encourages the reader to put down the book and go out and do something in the real world. After reading
Zorba, I got so entranced by Kazantzakis' works, that I went out and read everything of his that I could find. I think that by now I've read almost everything he's written that's been translated.
George R. Stewart
Earth Abides
This is another of my favorite SF post-holocaust novels. It's what I call a quiet novel in that it depicts the quiet day-by-day struggles of the survivors of a war that killed most of the humans on Earth. There are no mutant, slavering monsters, semi-human or otherwise. The threats are the typical ones of providing food and shelter, and dealing accidents and disease in a world without ERs and vaccines. And, of course, there are some who figure taking food, etc. is easier than working. It's also the story of how myths about the survivors or first families begin in a society that is largely illiterate and how those survivors might be viewed in the future. One other element is that of the making of a sacred symbol purely by accident.
Lawrence Durrell
The Alexandria Quartet
I was hooked from the first pages of
Justine, the first novel in the series. It was on the reading list of a class I took, and I immediately went out and got the next three. I've read it at least 3 or 4 times now and had to search for the hardbound copies as the paperback ones were disintegrating.
Justine: LGD's accounting of events of past year spent in Alexandria just before outbreak of WWII--primarily of his relationship with several women, one of whom is the enigmatic Justine.
Balthazar: LGD sent his manuscript to Balthazar, one of his friends in Alexandria who also appears in the manuscript. Balthzar then returns the novel with his version of those same events as seen from his perspective. We now have two versions of what happened.
Mountolive: a third version of that same period by Mountolive (who is mentioned in the first two books) of the same events, giving a third and completely different version of LGD's relationship with Justine.
Clea: this is an accounting of the events that take place when LGD returns to Alexandria in the midst of WWII, about a year or so after the events told in the first three novels.
The series really asks us if we really ever know the full story of our own history.
Durrell's second series,
The Avignon Quintet--he sometimes referred to it as
The Quincunx and consists of the following five novels:
Monsieur, Livia, Constance, Sebastian, and
Quinx.
This is a strange series of novels in which Durrell creates an Author who creates a character who writes a novel in which the Author includes a number of his friends and acquaintances, but takes "poetic" license in his creation. This is the first novel in the series--
Monsieur.
The remaining four novels are about the Author and his experiences in Egypt and France during WWII. What is bizarre is that "fictional" characters from the first novel appear in other later four novels and interact with the Author and his friends. In addition, several characters from "The Alexandria Quartet" also briefly appear. It's all rather confusing at times, and I had to create a diagram to keep the characters separate as many of the characters from the first novel are actually created from different friends and acquaintances of the Author.
One of these days I will go back and reread both series for a third? fourth? time.
Ursula Le Guin
The Left Hand of Darkness
This novel is one of my top ten SF novels. If anyone ever asks me to recommend an SF novel for someone who has never read SF, I always mention this one. It is well-written and has an engaging main character, action, and an idea to explore. The idea is simple. Humans do not have sexually active periods like so many of our fellow residents here on earth. Humans are sexually active all the time. Moreover, humans like most of our neighbors here have two genders, male and female. Le Guin in this novel asks the question: What if humans had specific periods in which they were sexually active and in between those periods, they were sexually neuter?
Winter or Gethen, as the inhabitants call it, is a planet in which someone has apparently modified humans. Humans on this planet become sexually active every three weeks and remain so for several days. At this point they develop sexual characteristics, typically at random, so that humans on this planet can become either male or female. If a Gethen is paired with someone It (they are genderless during this period--what pronoun would you use?) likes, then the first one to go into kemmer (their term for the sexually active period) becomes by chance either male or female. The other one then becomes the other sex. If the one who becomes a female at that point gets pregnant, then that person will remain female and nurse the child until it is weaned. At which point, that person then reverts to the sexually neutral state. So, in a family pair with two children, each of the two adults could have been the mother of one of the two children. As you can see, this upsets all of our ideas about what males and females are like. In fact, that's the issue Le Guin explores in this work: what are the real characteristics that belong exclusively to males and females. If you haven't read this one yet, I strongly recommend you do so.
Kim Stanley Robinson
Three Californias: Wild Shore, The Gold Coast, and
Pacific Edge
When first published, they were known as the
Orange County Trilogy, but the series title was changed when the trade paperback edition was issued. My own name for these three is
The California Troika. A troika is a Russian horse-drawn vehicle in which the three horses are side-by-side, so there is no lead horse. The three novels in this series all take place in the Orange County area at approximately the same time, some years in the future. But, this is an alternate universe series like no other I have read. I have made several posts on these works, and clicking on the label
Three Californias or
The California Trioka will take you to them. If you decide to read them, it makes no difference with which one you start.
The Wild Shore is set some half century or so after the US was destroyed by a sneak nuclear attack. It is the story of a young male, late teens, and his experiences during one year in a small village that has grown up after the bombing. In that respect, it is somewhat similar to another of my favorite post-holocaust novels,
Earth Abides by George Stewart.
The Gold Coast is set some years in the future and is an extrapolation of what life would be like if there were no dramatic changes. The main character, again, is a young male, whose father is an engineer in the military-industrial complex--he works for a company that strives to get contracts to build hardware for the US military. Like most of his friends, our hero is mildly opposed to what his father does for a living, and he is mostly concerned about the latest designer drugs, sex, and the contemporary music scene. The novel is the story of events in this person's life that change him.
If the others can be classified as SF, then
Pacific Edge is clearly a fantasy. It is set some years in the future, again in Orange County, in a world that has gone green. Large corporations and nation states have been broken up all over the world. Small is beautiful. Recycling has become an important activity. Cars are a rarity and most people get around a bicycles. The main character is a young man, possibly in his early20s who has become the local expert in remodeling and fixing up abandoned houses. Local politics features strongly in the novel.
Fyodor Dostoyevsky
"Notes from the Underground"
This is almost impossible for me to describe. The first part is a philosophical rant against those who think that human behavior will eventually be completely predictable and explainable by the immutable laws of science. In addition the narrator contends that there are two types of people: the doers and the thinkers or the intellectuals. Everything that is accomplished is done only by the doers, because the thinkers are paralyzed when they attempt to handle all the ramifications of acting.
The second part shows our reclusive narrator in action and supports both of the arguments put forth in the first part. In one sense, the work is an essay and an example of many of Dostoyevsky's themes that he depicts in his novels.
There are others, of course, but I have resolutely refused to think about them for fear that what was supposed to be one post will expand to a trilogy, or even worse. Some may find it hard to believe that I actually do so much rereading, but I do and this explains why I really am decades behind in my knowledge of contemporary literature. But, that's a decision I made long ago. I'm sure you made your own and very likely it's not the one I made. Be that as it may, there's room for both of us, isn't there?
I just realized that the title of the posts includes poems, and I haven't mentioned any at all. Oh well, maybe some time in the not too distant future. . .
I hope you consider reading some of these.
